2ª Aula - Curso de Regularização de Barragens

About this video

• Video Title: 2ª Aula - Curso de Regularização de Barragens
• Channel: Recurso Sustentável
• Speakers: Not explicitly mentioned, but the content is presented by an instructor.
• Duration: 02:55:53

Overview

This video is the second part of a course on dam regularization, focusing on the practical aspects of the process. It covers the steps within the Web Outorga system, from user registration to the submission and analysis of declarations of water use (DUR). The instructor also explains the documentation requirements, the flow of processes, and addresses common issues and questions from participants.

Key takeaways

• Web Outorga System Navigation: The video provides a walkthrough of the Web Outorga system, detailing user and legal entity registration, and how to navigate the DUR (Declaration of Water Use) submission interface.
• DUR Submission Process: It outlines the step-by-step process for submitting a DUR, including filling in interference points, selecting water use purposes, providing crop information for irrigation, and the importance of accurate data.
• Regulatory Requirements: The instructor emphasizes adherence to specific normative instructions and legal requirements, such as those in Annex 1 and Annex 2 of Normative Instruction 05/2023, and the implications of incomplete or incorrect submissions.
• Dam-Specific Information: Detailed information is provided on what specific data is required for dam regularization DURs, including coordinates, drainage area, dam characteristics, and reservoir capacity estimations when detailed surveys are unavailable.
• Environmental Licensing and Passives: The video touches upon environmental licensing, the regularization of environmental liabilities (passives), and the importance of aligning documentation across different regulatory processes.
• System Limitations and Workarounds: Common system issues like timeouts and the need for accurate geolocation data are discussed, along with practical advice, such as creating dedicated client email accounts for system access.
• Inspection Guidelines: The session details what to look for during a visual inspection of a dam, covering structural integrity, vegetation control, drainage systems, and potential risks.
• Q&A and Practical Advice: Throughout the video, the instructor addresses participant questions, offering solutions and insights based on practical experience with the regularization and licensing processes.

Detailed Topics and Takeaways:

Here's a breakdown of the detailed topics covered in the video, organized by subject matter:

I. Dam Regularization Process Overview:

• Introduction and Recap: The session begins by recapping the previous day's discussion on dam regularization and addressing any outstanding questions.
• Legal Framework: The importance of recent legislation (October of the previous year) that established new deadlines and understanding for dam regularization is highlighted.
• Cadastro de Segurança de Barragens (Dam Safety Registration): The initial steps of the process, including this registration, are mentioned.
• Outorga (Water Use Permit): The process of obtaining a water use permit is introduced as a key component.

II. Web Outorga System and DUR Submission:

• System Access: How to access the SEMAD system and the Web Outorga portal.
• User Registration:
  • Individual (Pessoa Física): Using CPF for Brazilians and passport for foreigners.
  • Legal Entity (Pessoa Jurídica): Using CNPJ for Brazilian companies.
  • Requirement: A legal representative (individual) must be registered before registering a legal entity.
  • Email Usage: Recommendation to use a dedicated client email for registration to avoid delays in receiving temporary passwords and access credentials, rather than the consultant's email.
  • Data Immutability: Name and CPF/CNPJ cannot be altered after registration.
• DUR (Declaração de Uso de Recursos Hídricos - Declaration of Water Use):
  • Purpose: To declare the use of water resources.
  • Submission Flow: DUR -> Preliminary Analysis -> Technical Analysis.
  • Preliminary Analysis: SEMAD analyst checks for reception of the DUR before forwarding for technical analysis.
  • Completeness: Information must be complete as per Annex 1 of Normative Instruction 05/2023. Incomplete requirements will be treated as non-received and archived without notification.
  • Timeline: Previously, corrections were possible, but now, incomplete DURs are archived without resubmission possibility at the preliminary stage.
  • Status Updates: DURs proceed to technical analysis if the preliminary review is positive.
  • Outcome: If approved, the use is deemed eligible for an "outorga" (permit). If insignificant, a certificate of dispensed use is issued.
  • Dispensed Use Certificate: Issued within 20 business days after DUR approval.
  • Archiving: Failure to follow procedures can lead to the DUR being archived.
• DUR for Dams (Specifics):
  • Interference Point: The first step is to register the "Ponto de Interferência" (Interference Point).
  • Dam Type Selection: Choosing "barragem" (dam) as the interference point type.
  • Alert: A system alert highlights the need for a separate DUR for each collection point associated with a dam.
  • Coordinates:
    • Entry Coordinate: Represents the starting point of the reservoir, typically where the watercourse contributing the most inflow with the highest altimetry begins.
    • Axis Coordinate: The coordinate located in the center of the dam structure itself.
    • System Requirement: Coordinates must be in the "Siga 2000" datum.
    • Accuracy: Incorrect coordinates will lead to errors in calculated drainage area and potential rejection.
  • Drainage Area: This information can be found using the SIGA system.
  • Dam Registration Number: The protocol number generated from the Cadastro de Segurança de Barragens must be entered.
  • Environmental License: Indicate if an environmental license or authorization exists, is pending, or is exempt.
  • Reservoir Area: The surface area of the water mirror in square meters.
  • Maximum Accumulation Capacity: This requires estimation using geometric shapes (e.g., frustum of a cone) if bathymetric surveys are unavailable, especially for dispensable uses.
  • Discharge System (Descarga de Fundo):
    • Requirement: Must have a functioning discharge system (siphon, gate, etc.).
    • Q95: The discharge flow must be equal to or greater than the Q95 (flow occurring 95% of the time) of the reference watercourse.
    • Measurement: For existing dams, field measurements of outflow are recommended to confirm Q95 compliance.
    • PVC/Siphon: If using PVC for the discharge system, the diameter and flow rate must be specified.
    • "Ladrão" (Emergency Spillway): If only a "ladrão" (overflow) exists without a proper discharge system, it's insufficient for regularization.
    • Photo Evidence: A photographic report showing the installed discharge system is increasingly required by analysts.
  • Dam Height: For dispensable uses, the dam's embankment height should not exceed 3 meters. Higher dams require a full regularization process.
  • Purpose of Use: Select the correct purpose (e.g., irrigation, industrial use, human supply). The required information in the DUR will vary based on this selection.
  • Irrigation Specifics: System type (drip, pivot), irrigated area, crop types, planting dates, and monthly irrigated areas are needed.
  • Coherence: All submitted information (CAR, DUR, environmental licenses) must be consistent.
• DUR Editing: A DUR can only be edited if it's incomplete, pending, under rectification, or subject to "outorga." Validated DURs cannot be edited; a new one must be created.
• Protocol Generation: A protocol can be printed to prove submission and is sometimes accepted as proof of process initiation.
• Certificate of Dispensed Use: Issued if the DUR is validated and deemed a dispensable use. These certificates have shorter validity periods than full "outorgas."

III. Environmental Licensing (Licenciamento Ambiental):

• Purpose: To regulate activities impacting the environment by setting conditions, restrictions, and control measures. It's a command and control tool.
• Distinction from Outorga: Outorga focuses on water availability and the specific impact of water use, while licensing addresses broader environmental impacts.
• Legal Basis in Goiás:
  • Law 20.694/2019: Governs environmental licensing and SEMAD's competencies.
  • Decree 9.710/2019: Regulates Law 20.694/2019.
• Activity Classification: Activities are classified based on their nature, size (port), and polluting potential, as defined in the Annex of Decree 9.710/2019.
• Licensing Competence:
  • State vs. Municipal: Determines whether the state (SEMAD) or the municipality handles the licensing. This depends on the activity's classification (port and polluting potential) and the municipality's decentralized status.
  • Consortia: Municipalities within consortia may have different procedures and higher requirements.
• Phased Licensing:
  • No Fracionamento: Licensing cannot generally be fractionated. However, phased implementation of projects can be permitted if declared upfront.
  • Rural Properties: Multiple activities (agriculture, livestock, structures) on rural land can often be licensed individually.
• Passives (Environmental Liabilities):
  • Definition: Past environmental damages (e.g., illegal deforestation, construction without licenses).
  • Temporal Classification:
    • Before July 22, 2008: Generally addressed within the CAR (Rural Environmental Cadastre) and considered "anistiado" (condoned).
    • July 22, 2008 - Dec 27, 2019: Require environmental compensation, potentially with milder penalties.
    • After Dec 27, 2019: Subject to full regularization, including fines and stricter compensation measures.
  • CAR Rectification: It's crucial to rectify the CAR to reflect accurate property information, including APPs (Permanent Preservation Areas) related to water bodies and dams, especially after construction.
  • DUR vs. Licensing: Even if a DUR is dispensed, environmental licensing for activities like deforestation or dam construction may still be required.
• Required Studies for Licensing (Examples):
  • Memorial de Caracterização do Empreendimento (MCE): A detailed description of the project, its characteristics, and environmental aspects. Can be signed by qualified professionals (e.g., Civil Engineers, Environmental Engineers).
  • Report on Migratory Species: Required if the dam impacts migratory species in watercourses (typically by biologists).
  • Report on Vectors: Addressing potential disease vectors in reservoirs (biologists).
  • Technical Report on Discharge Systems: Assessing the functionality and integrity of dam outlets (Civil Engineers).
  • Technical Report on Flood Control Devices: Assessing spillway functionality (Civil Engineers).
  • Photographic Report: Documenting the dam's condition, discharge systems, and any issues, often requiring geolocation and timestamps.
  • RT (Anotação de Responsabilidade Técnica): Technical responsibility annotations are required for most submitted technical documents.
• "Conta de Padeiro" (Baker's Calculation): An estimated calculation for reservoir capacity using geometric approximations when detailed surveys are absent, acceptable for dispensable uses but not for precise licensing.
• Proactive Rectification: Addressing environmental liabilities (passives) proactively through AD's (Declarations of Rectification) or self-reporting is advisable to avoid penalties and potentially improve property value.

IV. Q&A and Specific Doubts:

• SIGA System Data: How to accurately obtain drainage area data from the SIGA system using coordinates.
• Coordinate Accuracy: Emphasis on placing coordinates precisely on watercourses in SIGA to get correct drainage area values. Incorrect positioning leads to negative or incorrect kilometer readings.
• Q95 Flow Rate: Clarification that the outflow (vazão defluente) from the dam's discharge system must meet the Q95 of the reference watercourse, ensuring downstream water availability.
• Dam Regularization for Multiple Small Dams: Clarification that each dam generally requires a separate DUR and potentially a separate licensing process, contrary to older practices of consolidating them.
• Environmental Liabilities and Regularization: A complex question about regularizing existing dams with past illegal deforestation requires addressing liabilities through the DUR and potentially licensing, guided by the temporal framework of environmental laws.
• DUR Validity: Declarations of inexigibility of licensing have a short validity (e.g., one year) due to potential regulatory changes. Renewal is necessary.
• Summation of Reservoir Areas: The practice of summing reservoir areas for licensing purposes has changed; individual licensing per dam is now the norm.
• Consortium Municipalities: Licensing through consortium municipalities can be more complex and have stricter documentation requirements than through directly managed municipalities.
• State vs. Municipal Competence: Even small dams may require state licensing if they involve APP (Permanent Preservation Area) suppression, overriding municipal decentralized licensing.
• CAR Rectification Importance: Highlighting that CAR inconsistencies, especially regarding APPs and dam locations, are increasingly scrutinized during environmental and water use processes.

This detailed breakdown should provide a comprehensive understanding of the topics covered in the video.

Sim, o vídeo aborda a captação subterrânea em alguns pontos:

• Tipos de Pontos de Interferência: Ao descrever o preenchimento da DUR no sistema Web Outorga, o instrutor menciona que, além de barragens, outros tipos de pontos de interferência incluem captação subterrânea e captação superficial.
• Processo de Licenciamento: O vídeo detalha os fluxos de processo para diferentes tipos de empreendimentos e usos de água. Embora o foco principal seja em barragens, a menção da captação subterrânea como um tipo de ponto de interferência indica que ela é um uso de recurso hídrico que também passa por processos regulatórios semelhantes, como a necessidade de uma DUR.
• Inexigibilidade de Licenciamento: Ao discutir as atividades passíveis de inexigibilidade de licenciamento ambiental, o instrutor menciona captações de água subterrânea de poços perfurados até a data da portaria como elegíveis para certos procedimentos simplificados.

Embora o vídeo não se aprofunde em detalhes técnicos específicos sobre como funciona uma captação subterrânea em si, ele a reconhece como uma atividade sujeita à declaração de uso de recursos hídricos e a menciona no contexto das diferentes tipologias de empreendimentos que precisam ser regularizadas ou licenciadas.

De acordo com o vídeo, para preencher as informações de uma barragem pequena (especialmente para fins de dispensa de outorga), o que deve ser coletado em campo, ou estimado quando não há dados precisos, inclui:

1. Coordenadas Geográficas:

   • Coordenada de Entrada: O ponto onde o curso d'água contribuinte, com maior altimetria, começa a formar o reservatório.
   • Coordenada de Eixo: A coordenada localizada no centro da estrutura da barragem. É crucial que essas coordenadas estejam no datum Siga 2000 e sejam precisas para o cálculo correto da área de drenagem.

2. Dados Estimados da Barragem (quando não há levantamento batimétrico):

   • Área do Reservatório (Espelho d'água): Em metros quadrados.
   • Capacidade Máxima de Acumulação: Em metros cúbicos. Para barragens pequenas onde não se fará levantamento batimétrico, recomenda-se estimar essa capacidade usando figuras geométricas que se assemelhem à forma do barramento (como um tronco de cone), calculando largura, comprimento e profundidade aproximados. Essa é uma "conta de padeiro" para ter um valor aproximado e evitar inconsistências no sistema.

3. Informações sobre o Sistema de Descarga de Fundo:

   • Existência e Funcionamento: Verificar se há um sistema de descarga de fundo (sifão, portão, etc.) e se ele está funcionando.
   • Tipo de Material: Se é de PVC, por exemplo.
   • Diâmetro e Vazão: Informar o diâmetro do sistema de descarga e a vazão afluente.
   • Registro Fotográfico: É cada vez mais exigido apresentar fotos que mostrem o sistema de descarga de fundo instalado.

4. Altura do Maciço/Aterro: Para dispensa de outorga, a altura do maciço não deve exceder 3 metros.

5. Área de Drenagem: Esta informação pode ser obtida no sistema SIGA, utilizando as coordenadas corretas.

6. Relatório Fotográfico: Fotos georreferenciadas, datadas e com o máximo de detalhes do barramento (integridade geral, superfície, taludes, presença de erosões, rachaduras, controle de vegetação em taludes, formigueiros, estado dos drenos e extravasores) são importantes, especialmente se houver alguma preocupação ou para o processo de licenciamento.

Em resumo, para barragens pequenas, o foco em campo é obter coordenadas precisas, estimar as dimensões do reservatório e do maciço, verificar o sistema de descarga de fundo e, idealmente, coletar evidências fotográficas da estrutura.

De acordo com o vídeo, para uma barragem com área de espelho d'água acima de 1,2 ha, ou com altura de maciço acima de 3 metros, o processo de regularização e licenciamento se torna mais complexo e exige mais informações detalhadas coletadas em campo. Neste caso, além das informações básicas mencionadas anteriormente (coordenadas, etc.), o seguinte é necessário:

1. Levantamento Topográfico Detalhado:

   • Levantamento Batimétrico: Essencial para determinar com precisão a capacidade de acumulação do reservatório (volume em metros cúbicos) e a área inundada em diferentes cotas. Isso substitui a "conta de padeiro" por dados exatos.
   • Levantamento Planialtimétrico: Necessário para obter o perfil transversal do maciço, incluindo altura, dimensões exatas, e dados sobre a fundação e o aterro.

2. Projeto Construtivo da Barragem: Este é um documento crucial que deve ser elaborado por um profissional habilitado (com registro no CREA e em Goiás). O projeto deve conter, no mínimo:

   • Coordenadas geográficas do eixo da barragem.
   • Características estruturais do maciço (material predominante, fundação, altura do aterro).
   • Finalidade da barragem.
   • Volume total acumulado e volume útil acumulado.
   • Área útil inundada.
   • Vazão de projeto.
   • Características e dimensionamento do extravasor (considerando vazões máximas locais e tempo de recorrência).
   • Informações sobre o sistema de descarga de fundo (tipo, material, dimensões, vazão e confiabilidade).
   • Memorial descritivo detalhado.
   • Perfil transversal do maciço (existente e projetado), incluindo altura e nível máximo de água.
   • Cotas do sistema de descarga de fundo.

3. Relatório Fotográfico Detalhado:

   • Fotos georreferenciadas e datadas.
   • Vistas amplas do barramento e aterro.
   • Fotos do sistema de descarga de fundo em funcionamento (vista geral e de proximidade).
   • Fotos que evidenciem a integridade estrutural, a ausência de erosões, rachaduras, deslizamentos ou sinais de fragilidade nos taludes.
   • Fotos que mostrem o controle da vegetação (gramíneas permitidas, mas sem árvores ou arbustos nos taludes).
   • Evidências de formigueiros ou cupinzeiros que possam comprometer a estrutura.
   • Fotos dos drenos e dispositivos de escoamento, confirmando que estão desobstruídos e funcionando.

4. Documentação Relacionada à Outorga e ao Licenciamento:

   • Informações sobre licenças ambientais existentes ou em andamento.
   • No caso de licenciamento, os estudos técnicos específicos exigidos pela legislação (como relatório de espécies migratórias, relatório de vetores, etc.) que dependerão da tipologia da atividade e do porte do empreendimento.

Em suma, para barragens maiores ou com maior impacto potencial, a coleta de dados em campo deve ser muito mais rigorosa, envolvendo levantamentos técnicos detalhados e a elaboração de projetos construtivos e relatórios específicos, com o objetivo de comprovar a segurança e a conformidade da estrutura com as normas técnicas e ambientais.