About this Video

• Video Title: Clase 2 - Tipos de texto y tipos de discurso - Curso Gratis PAA 2024
• Channel: Profe Lora
• Speakers: Carlos Lora
• Duration: 00:56:26

Introduction

This video is the second class of a free online course preparing students for the PAA (Prueba de Aptitud Académica) college entrance exam in Mexico. The lesson focuses on two key areas: types of texts and types of discourse, crucial for better understanding and answering exam questions.

Key Takeaways

• Types of Text: The video explains five main types of text used in the PAA exam: scientific, historical, critical, literary, and informative. Each type is defined with examples and distinguishing characteristics, such as vocabulary used and the purpose of the text.
• Types of Discourse: Four types of discourse are discussed: narrative, descriptive, expository, and argumentative. The video illustrates how each type conveys information differently, focusing on the author's style and the way they present information.
• Classification Questions: The video emphasizes that questions regarding types of text and discourse are "classification" questions on the exam and are distinct categories.
• Examples Provided: Numerous examples of each type of text and discourse are given to help students identify them in practice.
• Exam Preparation: The video is part of a larger free course offered to help students prepare for the PAA exam.

Here are the answers based on the provided transcript:

1. What are the five types of text discussed in the video, and what are their key characteristics?

The five types of text are:

• Scientific: Discusses science and uses technical vocabulary. It's written for experts in the field and is often complex and difficult for non-experts to understand.

• Historical: Deals with past events of historical significance, impacting a region, country, or the world. Often includes dates, places, and important figures.

• Critical: Presents an opinion, critique, or point of view on a topic. It may use first-person pronouns and express positive or negative assessments.

• Literary: Created for the reader's enjoyment and to evoke emotions. It often falls under literary genres like short stories, novels, poems, etc., and utilizes literary devices.

• Informative: Provides information without expressing opinions or falling into other categories. It's often used as a catch-all for texts that don't fit the other four categories.

1. What are the four types of discourse, and how does the author's style affect their classification?

The four types of discourse are:

• Narrative: Tells a story, presenting a sequence of connected events in a timeline.

• Descriptive: Focuses on detailing the characteristics of a person, animal, object, situation, or theory, using numerous adjectives.

• Expository: Explains information superficially, without offering opinions or in-depth details.

• Argumentative: Aims to convince the reader of the author's viewpoint. It may use rhetorical questions, first-person perspectives, and strong opinions.

The author's style—word choice, sentence structure, use of literary devices, and perspective—directly impacts the classification of the discourse.

1. What are the two main characteristics that define a scientific text?

The two main characteristics are:

• It discusses scientific topics.
• It employs technical vocabulary (specific to the scientific field).

1. What is the difference between a critical text and an informative text?

A critical text expresses an opinion, viewpoint, or judgment about a topic. An informative text presents facts and information without offering opinions or taking a stance.

1. Ask anything...

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