This video appears to be a lecture or a consultative session discussing various frameworks for analyzing poverty. It explores the limitations of income-based poverty measures and introduces more comprehensive approaches like the Sustainable Lives and Livelihood framework and a rights-based approach. The discussion also emphasizes the importance of social exclusion and the use of a "problem web" to understand complex causal relationships within poverty.
sample sample you can take a picture if you want a picture look at it looks very um complex how does one start it off and then move on from there you start with your observation Remember what you did observing >> start with the six seven the seven seven units of tapos tingnan ninyo yung parang magiging six six different starting and then mula doon parang ii-infer ninyo ano ba yung issues not necessary because the pattern of Social interaction may not be problematic at automatically kasi hindi ko pa nababasa yung mga sinubmit ninyo pero ano yung sinubmit mo DOM na observation? Yung ano po about sa sino sino muna iyung stakeholder so identifying identifying the the status you look at at the roles attached to that status and the social interaction of that status with other statuses. Mga stakeholders so yung doun sa observation. So yung yung statuses po is si Kuya Arvin tsaka si Kuya Arvin taking on what status? Ah ano pa siya ah worker pa siya doon sa okay so worker PWD worker. Opo. >> Okay. Yun ang primary ano pa niya status. Pero meron bang sublayers yung status niya? Meron ba siyang leadership position? Tatay ba siya? Kasi ' ba multi multistatus ang isang individual. We take parang kumbaga we wear different hots. >> Can I try mine in sir? Si Kuya Jwin ano um worker father. Um, could we consider peer as a role? Peer to whom? Magiging fear lang siya in relation to whom? Kasi definitely you are fears. But you can only consider yourself as a fear in relation to your classmate, to your groupmate. You can never consider me as a fear. I am your superior. I am your teacher. Ba? So made-define yung status depende sa relationship niya. mentor ayun so yung mga ganon so yung structure yung social structure makikita ninyo doon sa interaction nung existing statuses at saka roles within the community and with the out external community society towards the community of tahanang walang hagdanan kasi madalas nakukulong yung analysis doun lang sa mismong area >> sa mismong area sa mismong community titingnan niyo din sila as representative of PWD how are they being regarded so that is a status and how are they being regarded in the external macro community so micro macro iyung kailangang analysis gets ninyo micro macro o micro macro so ang mangyayari dito ' ba nakalagay diyan take some time to reflect on the question below you need to write your answers your answers will guide you but I strongly suggest that you're right. Okay? Basta take down notes lang. Take down notes kasi this will help you parang make sense of that. What do you think are the repercussions of limiting our view and analysis of poverty to income poverty or merely a lack of basic needs? China-challenge kasi kasi sa sustainable lives and livelihood framework. Sustainable lives and livelihood framework. It looks at may iba't iba kasing klase ng poverty. Pag nilimit lang natin ang poverty solely on the basis of income poverty, one may no longer be poor if one earns more than what is ah more than the poverty threshold. So ako hindi ako mahirap kasi kumikita ako ng mas ma taas sa poverty thres. Magkano lang ang poverty threshold natin? Minimum minimum wage mga PH8,600 na NZR. Pero pwede kang makaranas ng poverty other than income poverty. Kasi yung income ginagamit mo siya para ma-access ang basic needs. So pwede mong ma-access ang basic needs other than securing it through income. Kasi kaya ka lang naman nagtatrabaho para makakuha ng sweldo, para makakuha ng basic needs mo e. So mas malawak sa income poverty. So the most crude the crudest form of poverty or the simplest form of poverty is income poverty. Pero yung sunod yung mas malawak na poverty doon is basic needs. Ba basic needs livelihood poverty kasi you can also access basic needs using other means. How else? If not for your income, how else? Paano nakakakuha ng ano yung mga ano sir binibigay ata ng mga government yung mga goods and services provided by the government. So kung wala ka na ngang income tapos wala ka pang access sa basic goods and services, mahirap ka talaga. Pero kung income poverty lang yung parang measurement mo basta hindi ka kumikita ng above poverty threshold. Okay yun lang yung poverty. Yun mahirap ka lang pero pwede ka pa ring maging poor kahit na kumikita ka above pero hindi ka nakaka-secure ng access mo sa basic needs ' di ba? Pero more than that, so may income, may basic needs, may sustainability. Ito naman yon. Naa-access mo nga pero how sustainable are you? Parang how well can you maintain it? Sir, oo kasi pwedeng you can access it today. Parang oil natin you can access it today but tomorrow you can longer access. So tapos tatanungin din non, how resilient are your current livelihood towards different shocks and trends that ' ba parang tayo nasa talipa, 'di ba? Sino yung mga nakakuha ng papel? Ah LGBTQ ka pag nagkaroon ng misogyen policy wala na tatamaan ka na. Nagkabagyo ' di ba? Kumikita ka ng mismatch pero kapag tinaamaan ka ng ganito you will sync to the bottom. ' Di ba? Parang ganun yung nangyayari sa tayo ng sa talikaba. So ah income, basic need, sustainability. Meron pang isang format rights based rights based approach naman. So yung access mo sine-secure by making it your right. Akala kasi natin automatic once you have a benefit that you have a right over it already. But not every benefit is a right. Anong benefit ang right? For example, four piece. Alam niyo ba yung four piece? Pantawid pamilyang Pilipino program, conditional cash transfer. Hindi niyo alam yun? Okay? Yung conditional cash transfer, ang ginagawa ng government natin, nagbibigay yun ng pera sa mga poor families below poverty threshold. Tapos may criteria pa. Dapat merong mga young children, school age children o kaya buntis yung nanay tapos bibigyan sila ng pera. The money that will be given to them by the government as a form of a will be spent on maternity checkups at saka feeding feeding ng school age children. Tapos meron silang conditions. Ano yung condition? Dapat for them to get the next month's budget, they must be able to present their doctor's appointment checkup para masigurado na ginamit t >> ginamit nila for the purpose. Bakit yun ginagawa? It's not enough to sustain the meer income but it's enough for them to allow the next generation to finish school so that they will break the poverty cycle. >> Mm. the whole point. Kaya siya cash transfer. >> Ang tawag natin sa sa tagalog pantawid pamilyang pilipino. So hindi siya meant to replace the salary. It's not meant to replace the income. It's meant to augment. >> So parang directed siya sa nangyayari sir is na hindi na parang hindi fully naso-solve yung income pero yung basic needs ng nung susunod na generation. Yun iyung tinutuk. Oo. T's ga-graduate sila once the child graduates from grade 12. Sir, sorry po sa termas. So para pong ginawa nilang investment iyung bata parang ganon in a sense >> ng government. >> Mm. because it is in the best interest of the government for citizens to rise above poverty so that they will become productive members of the society. Kaya din gusto ng kaya gusto ng gobyerno kaya ang state ang it's always in the best interest of the state that the population the citizens would be stable because if if citizens are stable then what will happen? They won't commit crime >> 'di ba? They will ah contribute to economy ' di ba? So national development. So kaya the state funds public schools. If the citizens are healthy, then they can be productive. state funds government hospitals ' di ba? So in the form of taxes, we pay the government as a part of our common good then it will return to us in form of services. >> And then >> so part ng service non yung conditional cash transfer because we know that not everyone earns that well and so we help those at the bottom. So parang parang preferential option for the poor. Soung >> we're only helping them so that they can rise from poverty. So that when they rise from poverty, what will happen to them? They can participate fully into the life of the community. So iyung benefit na hindi right, considered ba yun doun sa isa is mga ph health ganon? Right yon. Ginawa nating right ang universal health care before. Hindi. >> Yeah. That's why I was. So in a sense merong mga yun nga yung mga benefits na ginagawang right kasi pag nagkaroon na ng right meron na siyang duty at meron ng right bearer. Merong duty bearers at saka right holders. Pwede n i-demand ng right holder na ibigay sa kanya. So may extra weight other than it benefits me. I have a right to it. Therefore, I can claim something. So pansin niyo may levels income, basic needs, sustainability tsaka right. Tapos manganganak na siya ngayon. Aside from having rights, poverty can also be measured by one's ability to participate in the community. Dito namin papasok yung social exclusion. You may have basic needs. You may have proper income, you may be somehow resilient. But if you're prevented from actually accessing certain benefits that will allow you to have a full integrated and developed human life, kahit pa nakakakain ka ng tatlong beses araw, hindi pa rin. It's not it's still not a life worth living. Okay? So, for example, PWD. Ano yung nawawala sa kanila? Basically kung ikaw ay physically disabled, ano nawawala sayo? A lot of opportunities for possible jobs. Okay? So economic exclusion na kaagad siya. Ano pa? >> Geographic. geographic accessibility ba. So in a sense parang there is an injustice. Parang nagja-jump na kaagad ako. There's an injustice because everyone should be able to access places where everyone can ano. So pero anong nangyayari? Because the way we have set up our society is that our society and our infrastructure is only built for the ableodieded. It naturally excludes the differently. So for example, kung bulag ka, madali ka bang maka-access, makasakay sa mga public transport, ' di ba? E huwag na yon ' ba? Parang kahit hindi PWD, senior citizen ' di ba? Yung Mount Camuning is one of the symbols of the abolism ang tawag natin ' ba. So hindi lang economic opportunities ang nawawala sao at kung nawala ang economic opportunity anong mangyayari? Mawawala na din yung iba't ibang mga access mo sa ibang mga bagay. Kasi nga yung sinabi niyo rin po is income is one of the most basic. Oo. So maaring meron ka ngayon pero later on wala. So wala din ang sustainability, resilience. So in a sense parang yung exclusion is a form of and a cause of poverty. Galing no? Yes. Gets niyo may questions kayo? Okay pa. Kailangan niyo lang i-establish what are the forms of exclusion, okay? And what are the causes of exclusion? What exclusion causes their poverty? Tapos parang makikita niyo nagiging cyclic kasi because they're excluded then they are poor. But because most of them are poor they exced. >> They're also excluded. Kasi kung mahirap ka to's PWD ka, are you able to access quality health services? Halimbawa bingi ka, magkano ang hearing aid? ' Di ba? Parang naglo-loop siya, sir, from the type of exclus, the form of exclusion, it goes back to the type of poverty. Mm. Kaya ang pinakamahalaga na framework sa inyo ngayon ay papakita niyo with the lens of exclusion. Papakita niyo how everything, every form or every factor feeds into picture na may picture na kayo? Na-picturan ' ba. So ang problema dito ah compared to and and admittedly I demand more from you more than NSTP because truth be told reality is far more complex than just a linear trank root branches. So mas web siya. Sasabihin niyo kay Miss Christi, Miss Christi, we consulted with Dr. Bolano and Dr. Bolano recommended that more than just a problem 3, we're going to proceed with problem web. >> So you start with, how do you start a problem web? You start with observations. Pero not just observations, you start with issues. Kasi iyung observation ninyo parang random na social interactions lang eh. Pero merong mga social interactions na palagay ninyo irregular ' ba. For example, yung interaction ni kuya ganito sa community sa labas ng tahanang walang hagdan. Nahihirapan si kuya ganito na sumakay ng tricycle dahil naka-wheelchair siya. Kaya siya gumagawa ng specialized tricycle side car. He wouldn't have to go that extra step. so that he can access mobility. Had the public transport been accommodating for both the ableodied and the differently able. So may issues na ganon. So paano mo ifo-formulate yun? Ah merong difficulty in accessing public transportation. Sir, but the problem for me in CJ is yyung partner namin is not mobility disabled rather ano siya eh more onar >> no yeah not learning po. Um ano siya what do you call that? Seizure something like parang >> he get seizures a lot. >> Yes po yung left hand niya yun ba >> and his like left hand is weaker. How does is it >> so you're going to formulate it and identify what issues is kasi parang tahanang walang hagdan. caters to different kinds of disability. So makakita niyo yung mga points of convergence na okay this type of this ability or we are experiences can corroborate and support this claim of this particular issue. So you have to hindi to hindi to PWD I'm just showing you. Kaya makikita niyo halimbawa ah for example limited income opportunity you're going to formulate it that way. Limited income opportunity. for people with physical disabilities, uh injuries and >> cognitive disabilities. For example, ganon. Bakit? What is the most immediate cause? Why are income opportunities hard to come by? ' Di ba? You have to be specific eh. Why is that hard to come by? Because of ano po yung mga hiring requirements, standards. Standards. Pero hindi mo naman masisisi yung mga employers to ano because they're after >> productivity, profit ' ba. Is that such a bad thing? No. But coupled with all other factors ' ba gather them together results in this issue. Yes. >> So pag minsan this plus this leads to this kaya may mga broken line. So kapag straight line it goes back to So iyung arrow head is the effect. Yes po. >> The root is the other end of the arrow. >> Okay. So you would have to identify, you would have to ask each other, what is the root of this? What is the cause of this? Does this mean if this happens, does this happen? Ba it will lead you outside of your experience. So research plus experience equals analysis. What's the difference po ulit between the broken and broken line? Yan nakalagay ah influence influence lang walang direct causal relation pag straight cause siya tapos makikita ninyo a good problem web is cyclic makikita niyo iikot na siya pag linear lang yung nakikita niyong direction you're not asking enough or you're asking the wrong questions. So you would have to test yung testing niyan ay so ba parang what is the root cause of this? Ah if this happens this happens so babaliktarin niyo if ii-flip niyo ngayon yung ano if issue is this what is the cost? Ah cost one. Pero kapag vinerify ninyo, dalawang verification, does cause one really happen? Is it really true that it is happening? Sometimes you're just claiming or that's just a hunch. You have to establish the fact. So, verification na fact. Magre-research kayo ' di ba? Pangalawa, verification of causal relation. If issue uh if cos happens does it automatically result in the issue? If cause cos layer 2b happens does it lead to cause layer one? O does it need another factor to combine it with to produce cost layer one that will eventually lead to issue? So manganganak siya ng manganganak. Kakalat siya ng kakalat. So it can go from a broken line po, two broken lines to one straight line. Mm. Pwedeng ganon. You just have to identify the relationship of the cause and its issues and its effects. Tapos ang suggestion ko halimbawa makikita niyo yan ba kita niyo color coded to. Opo. Yung color coding usually ginagawa nila depende sa nature of institution. What are the different kinds of institutions? You have economic. So let's assign economic as yellow. Ah ano pa? >> Family. >> Well, family. Let's uh put it as white. Ano pa? >> Political. >> Political. Assign it with red. What else? >> It's legal. Depended political. political din ng le social so kapansinin niyo ' ba sa tayo nasa talipapa I ask you about patterns. What are the patterns? Distribution of the goods, distribution and interaction of people, distribution of power. >> So socio, economic, political. So pwedeng maghalo-halo na yun. So basic three colors, red, blue, yellow. Pag naghalo yung political at saka social, that's red and yellow magiging sociopolitical ano siya >> orange. >> Orange yon ganon. Tapos makikita niyo magiging dominant yung color na yon tapos naghahalo yung iba. So madali niyong identify nasan yung injustice diyan? Where is exclusion? Ba when do you end? You end when there is you call the shots. When you think that this is significant enough to describe the situation of the PWD in the micro level sa tahanang walang hagdan level and in the macro level PWDs in general in the Philippines. If you think that's sufficient, you can stop. You call the shots. Pero dapat well established. Sir, last question. In terms of the main points, so climate change inflation. What ito mga general trends to e. Yes po. Pero what I'm thinking is for our legend and color, it's like do we focus on the institutions like what you said or do we focus on of ano? >> The institutions are the institutions are the general clusters of the structure. Remember institutions are clusters of status roles and social interaction structures. Kailangan niyo lang ma-identify para pagdating sa intervention. Anong intervention ang kailangan? Economic ba? You might be suggesting a political intervention for an economic problem. ' Di ba? Nakikita niyo dapat nagma-match yun eh. Okay. Hindi naman natin sinasabi posible kasi halimbawa an economic an economic problem might be solved by a political solution ba >> kasi iun iyung so in a sense it gives you a better grasp of the issue pero ang lens ninyo ay yung question dito what are the forms of exclusion and what are the causes of exclusion Why are they poor? You have to answer that. So pag nag-report, "Sir, mahirap po yung mga tagahan ng walang hagdan." Bakit? Sagutin niyo yan. Kasi po pakita namin idi-discuss ninyo. So you may not print this but you must be able to have a ready diagram tapos magzu-zoom in kayo para ma-explain ninyo. So in a sense it's a sophisticated and a more intelligent understanding of the connection. So magco-connect the dots kayo. Yon >> your problem web is only as good as the questions that you ask. Kasi mas free flowing to compared sa ibang framework. Yung ibang framework naka-set na eh. For example, ito naka-set na. Tatanungin niyo ano yung ano yung trends ipi-fill in niyo lang. Ito ibang klaseng animal naman to. Sustainable lights and livihood. So more linear siya sir ha. More linear. Hindi siya linear eh. Meron din siyang kanya. Meron din siyang sarili niyang dynamic. Pero ang advantage nito may hinihingi na siyang mga information. Ito mga mas free flowing e. Mas nature. Ang tawag namin dito dati ay yung EPC framework, Ecopol culture. Tapos i-identify niyo ano yung mga prevailing values. For example, if kanina ba yung limited economic opportunities, what is the more prevailing values for businesses? Why do they not accept PWD? Profit. So profit driven yung value nila whereas hindi inclusion. Bakit? Because of the competitive nature of the market. So in a sense because we are reinforcing that social structure, we are buying into that by being part. So you will now understand your part in excluding the PWD. Did you exclude that people from tahan ang walang hagdan? Did you discriminate against people? No, not directly. You would have to discover how you contribute to their exclusion, how you play into the game. Kasi makikita niyo yung sarili ninyo in the wider framework. Sir, is it possible that us just being there as outsiders trying to learn could be a symbol na we have something that they don't in a way na parang short circuit yan rayo eh. hanapin ninyo pag minsan kasi in the in your in the group's desire to come up with so what's our connection ' ba nagiging hard cell but wait with eventually once you do the leg work once you do the hard work of connecting the dots of research you will eventually come to the insight na ah there's something there's something about our status right now that contributes to their exclusion. This is a lot of work. That's why I told you you need to start now. Gets yung ano po. Okay. Sir, may question ba kayo? So sa akin suggestion ko tingnan ninyo yung problem. Identify two to three major social issues. Pero pagdating sa inyo bago niyo i-submit to, i-ful blown ano niyo para tapos na. Tapos isa-summarize niyo lang. What are the forms of exclusion? What are the root causes of exclusion? Tapos pagdating doon, madali ng mag-reflect kasi you're going to reflect on biblical texts that exclude people in the Bible, experiences of exclusion in the Bible. Madali na ' ba. That will feed into your reflection now and your experience of I'm not excluded eh. How do I relate to this? Ganon. So it's a whole process of feeling major ba ang >> it's a good thing you consult so much more complex than we probably thought it will be kaya nga dapat nagco-consult para nagle-level up kaagad ng expectations. nalilinaw iyung sir kasi po this is due on saturday if we can get most of it done by friday could be do another consultation of the week >> let's see let's see i can make comment >> yeah comments lang kahit comment thank you >> and you do not need to parang prepare it prior I can look at it parang as it is and then suggest along the way make minor changes anyway treat the presentation as the initial step because you can After the presentation and the formator suggests changes, you can still integrate changes for the finals naman. It's not a final thing. So you you improve along the way. It doesn't have to be really perfect. Basta ah kailangan lang ninyong ma-hit iyung objective. You have to demonstrate an intelligent and critical analysis of the situation. Kumbaga hindi nila sasabihin, "Sir, kawawa naman sila kasi wala silang may marami silang mobility issue ' ba. So it's an so think of it this way. Sorry ha. I'm I'm undergoing an uh AI certificate course. If you are if I am a human trying to give you a prompt, 'di ba it would help if imagine you are and you're going to do this. Yun yun po yyung prompt. Ito iyung prompt. Okay. >> O I'm going to give you a prompt. Imagine you are a researcher trying to explain the flight of PWDS, fintahan ng walang hagdan to a funding agency connected to you by United Nations Development Program. You have to make a pitch explaining why they are socially excluded. What will you say to the funding agency? Yun yung ganon yung parang mas maganda navi-visualize ninyo na ah okay sige. So if we're going to pitch something this is how we're going to explain it. It removes the parang academic thing parang pag minsan nagiging blockage yan eh. Just imagine parang how are you going to as a team how are you going to present to Okay? Best of luck sa inyo sir. Okay. Let me know ha sa Friday
