About this Video

• Video Title: Day 20: Retrieval Practice | How to Learn Anything Course
• Channel: Plato University
• Speakers: Brandon Stover
• Duration: 00:15:01

Introduction

This video, part of Plato University's "How to Learn Anything" course, focuses on retrieval practice as a learning technique. The speaker, Brandon Stover, explains the science behind the testing effect and provides practical strategies for implementing retrieval practice to improve learning and memory retention.

Key Takeaways

• Retrieval Practice (Testing): Actively recalling or applying knowledge, significantly improves learning compared to rereading or reviewing notes. This is more effective than simply recognizing answers (e.g., multiple-choice tests).
• The Testing Effect: The act of testing itself, even without feedback, enhances learning due to deep processing and strengthens long-term memory links. Optimal tests are neither too easy nor too hard (aim for around 90% correct).
• Spaced Repetition and Deliberate Practice: Retrieval practice, when done over time, incorporates spaced repetition and deliberate practice, further boosting retention and skill mastery.
• Combating Self-Deception: Retrieval practice helps identify knowledge gaps by separating emotion from objective evaluation, unlike methods like rereading, which can create a false sense of mastery ("fluency effect").
• Practical Applications: The video offers several retrieval practice strategies: using pre-made tests (if available), creating flashcards, developing a "question book" from notes, designing self-generated challenges, and practicing "closed-book" learning.

The "forward testing effect" is a phenomenon where retrieval practice not only enhances previously learned material but also prepares you to learn new information more effectively. Regularly testing yourself on previously studied information makes it easier to learn new, related information later. The video uses the example of learning geometry: before starting any study, taking a practice geometry test (even if you can't answer many questions correctly) helps activate prior knowledge of math and related concepts, creating mental pathways that facilitate subsequent learning. This pre-testing process essentially primes your brain for better absorption of the new material.