According to the video, cognitive load is the term for mental effort. Effective learning always involves mental effort; passive learning, conversely, doesn't involve high mental effort and isn't truly learning. The more mental effort (cognitive load) involved in a learning activity, the more effective that activity tends to be.
This video explains how to significantly improve learning efficiency by reducing "passive learning" and increasing "cognitive load." Dr. Justin Sung shares a method called cognitive load regulation to help viewers save time and learn more effectively.
The transcript provides these examples of increasingly effective learning techniques, each involving progressively higher cognitive load:
The video implies that other methods exist along this spectrum of cognitive load, but these three are explicitly used as examples.