Marcadores moleculares basados en PCR: Marcadores RAPD | 25/95 | UPV

About this Video

• Video Title: Marcadores moleculares basados en PCR: Marcadores RAPD | 25/95 | UPV
• Channel: Universitat Politècnica de València - UPV
• Speakers: Belen Pico
• Duration: 00:06:54

Introduction

This video describes RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) markers, a PCR-based methodology for identifying polymorphisms in DNA sequences. The presentation explains the technique, its advantages (simplicity, low cost), limitations (dominance, reproducibility issues), and applications in genetic diversity studies.

Key Takeaways

• RAPD markers utilize PCR with a single short, random sequence primer to amplify non-specific genomic sequences.
• Polymorphisms are detected as the presence or absence of amplified fragments after agarose gel electrophoresis. The absence of a band indicates a mutation that has disrupted the primer binding site.
• RAPD markers are interpreted as dominant markers; homozygotes for the mutation show band absence, while heterozygotes and homozygotes for the wild-type show band presence.
• Despite limitations (dominance, reproducibility issues due to low annealing temperatures), RAPDs are simple, inexpensive, and widely used in diversity studies (animal, plant, pathogen populations). They are less suitable for mapping studies.
• Data analysis involves transforming the gel band presence/absence into a distance matrix, using similarity coefficients to assess genetic similarity/dissimilarity between samples.