This video is the first part of a lecture series on English literature. The speaker, Cenk Yay, begins by discussing the definition and scope of "English literature," contrasting it with "literature in English." He then delves into the historical and cultural influences on the English language and literature, starting with the Celts, Romans, and the Anglo-Saxon invasions. The lecture touches upon societal structures, religious beliefs (paganism and Christianity), and the development of early written literature, highlighting the significance of figures like Bede and Cadmon.