About this Video

• Video Title: Unidad III: Clase síntesis EL MUNDO COLONIAL
• Channel: Historia de la Arquitectura 1 | FAU | UNT
• Speakers: One lecturer (name not provided in transcript)
• Duration: 00:56:09

Introduction

This video lecture provides a synthesis of the colonial period in America, focusing on its impact on Argentinian territory. The lecture aims to clarify the relationship between culture and habitat design during this era and its lasting effects on modern Argentinian cities.

Key Takeaways

1. The Colonial Period's Length and Phases: The colonial period spanned three centuries (1492-1810), encompassing conquest and colonization (16th century), system consolidation (17th century), and the rise of independence movements (late 18th century). The Habsburg and Bourbon monarchies significantly shaped this era.
2. Religious and Economic Drivers of Colonization: The evangelization mission and the pursuit of gold and silver were key motivations for Spanish colonization. The mercantilist economic system fueled the search for precious metals, shaping settlement patterns.
3. Urban Development Strategies: Spanish conquest involved establishing cities as strategic points for further expansion. City planning varied depending on location (coastal vs. inland) and often involved a grid layout, reflecting established urban models. The process was not always linear, with many cities undergoing multiple foundation attempts.
4. Social Stratification and its Architectural Manifestations: Colonial society was rigidly stratified (Spaniards, Creoles, mestizos, indigenous people, and enslaved Africans). This social hierarchy influenced architecture, from grand palaces in major cities to simpler dwellings in more peripheral areas.
5. Evolution of Colonial Architecture: Architectural styles evolved from rudimentary structures using locally sourced materials to more elaborate buildings incorporating European stylistic influences (Renaissance, Plateresque, Mannerism, Baroque, Rococo). Local adaptations created a unique “hybrid” colonial style.